服务器自动化打包应用程序，备份到远程存储

简介

本篇将介绍利用 Linux 自带的 tar 命令自动打包并使用 rclone 备份到远程存储，下面是备份的脚本

脚本

简介

这个脚本将指定的目录备份打包成 tar.gz文件，备份到家目录下的 backup/application 文件夹下，然后使用 rclone 上传到指定的远程存储

创建

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mkdir -p $HOME/bin

touch $HOME/bin/backup_and_upload.sh && chmod +x $HOME/bin/backup_and_upload.sh

vim $HOME/bin/backup_and_upload.sh

修改

使用前需要修改中文注释提示的部分

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#!/bin/bash
#

source_dir=(
	# 你的备份目录，一行一个，例如
	/opt/container/server1
	/opt/container/server2
)

date_format=$(TZ="UTC" date +%Y%m%d)
# 备份文件的存放位置（可选）
backup_base_dir="$HOME/backup/application"
force_repack=0  # Default: do not force repack

# Define backup functions
# 函数名为你的rclone配置的远程存储名，仿照下面的添加即可
b2() {
    remote_dir="rclone远程存储名:远程备份路径"
    backup_to_remote "$remote_dir" "$1"
}

# Generic backup function
backup_to_remote() {
    local remote_dir="$1"
    local source_full_path="$2"
    local source_name=$(basename "$source_full_path")

    # check output directory
    target_dir="$backup_base_dir/$source_name"
    if [ ! -d "$target_dir" ]; then
        echo "$target_dir directory not exists, creating..."
        mkdir -p "$target_dir"
    fi

    # archive directory
    target_full_path="$target_dir/${source_name}_backup_${date_format}.tar.gz"


    if [ ! -f "$target_full_path" ] || [ "$force_repack" -eq 1 ]; then
        if [ "$force_repack" -eq 1 ]; then
            echo "Force repack is enabled. Recreating archive: $target_full_path"
        else
            echo "Creating archive: $target_full_path"
        fi
        tar -zcf "$target_full_path" "$source_full_path"
    fi

    # backup archive file
    echo "Starting backup to $remote_dir: ${target_full_path}"
    rclone copy "$target_full_path" "$remote_dir/${source_name}" -P

    echo ""
}

# Process each source directory
process_directory() {
  local dir="$1"
  local backup_targets=("${@:2}") # Get all arguments after the directory

  if [ -z "$backup_targets" ]; then
    echo "No backup targets specified for $dir. Skipping."
    return
  fi

  for target in "${backup_targets[@]}"; do
    if type "$target" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
      echo "Backing up $dir to $target"
      "$target" "$dir" # Call the backup function with the directory
    else
      echo "Error: Backup target '$target' not found."
    fi
  done
}


# Main script logic

# Parse command line arguments
while getopts "f" opt; do
  case $opt in
    f)
      force_repack=1
      ;;
    \?)
      echo "Invalid option: -$OPTARG" >&2
      exit 1
      ;;
    :)
      echo "Option -$OPTARG requires an argument." >&2
      exit 1
      ;;
  esac
done

shift $((OPTIND -1)) # Shift off the options, leaving only backup targets

if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "Usage: $0 [-f] <backup_target> [backup_target2 ...] "
    echo "  -f: Force re-packaging the local archive file."
    echo "Available backup targets: b2"
    exit 1
fi


# Loop through each source directory and apply the specified backups
for source_dir_item in "${source_dir[@]}"; do
    process_directory "$source_dir_item" "$@"
done

echo "Backup process completed."

添加到环境变量（可选）

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echo 'export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin' >> $HOME/.bashrc
source $HOME/.bashrc

使用

运行

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backup_and_upload.sh rclone配置的远程存储名

参数

-f：强制重新打包

示例

备份到 b2

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backup_and_upload.sh b2

执行后将会自动打包备份到家目录的 backup/application下，然后上传到 b2

定时任务

为了实现定期备份，可以添加定时任务

这个表示每天 23 点 55 分备份上传

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echo "55 23 * * * /root/bin/backup_and_upload.sh b2 tebi >> /root/logs/backup_and_upload.log" >> /var/spool/cron/crontabs/root